转贴里面的一篇，来自燕园草木志，知识拓展一下，西西
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HONG YA YUAN
During the reign of Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, the garden Hong Ya Yuan was built in effect on the old site of Mi Wanzhong's Shao Yuan of the preceding dynasty. (Chen Yuan Shi Lue, Vol. 14, p. 10) The inscription Hong Ya Yuan on the horizontal board was written personally by Emperor Kangxi. (Emperor Jiaqing's instruction in the 5th month of the 6th year of his reign as recorded in Dong Hua Lu, the lithographic printing edition, Vol. 11, p. 37) However, little was recorded about the garden itself except that it was once used as the residence of Jihana who was a nobleman with the title of Prince Zheng Gong (William Hung, Shao Yuan Tu Lu Kao pp. 60-61) Since Jihana's death in the 49th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign (1784), the garden had never again served as a private residence. In the early year of Emperor Jiaqing's reign, the place was formally converted into apartments for officials from various local governments. It was known that from Emperor Qianlong on, all the monarchs of the Qing Dynasty frequently visited Yuan Ming Yuan and held court there. The apartments so established were for those who had hurried over from the city to take a rest prior to and after their court attendance. From that time onward, the name of the garden was officially changed from Hong Ya Yuan to Ji Xian Yuan. (Emperor Jiaqing's instruction in the 5th month of the 6th year of his reign as recorded in Dong Hua Lu)
Although we know little about the history of Hong Ya Yuan, there was one event worthy of note. In 1793, the 58th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign, King George II of Britain dispatched to China for the first time a special envoy George Macartney in an attempt to amend the established trade regulations and also to send an ambassador to Beijing. On hearing after his arrival in China that Emperor Qianlong was on summer holidays in his palace in Jehol Province, Macartney went directly there. When Emperor Qianlong returned to the capital, Macartney and his diplomatic mission followed him to Beijing. In order to facilitate their visit to the court in Yuan Ming Yuan, the mission took up residence at Haidian as had been arranged in advance. It was actually at Hong Ya Yuan.
The arrangement was recorded not only in China's official archives ("The Case of British Envoy Macartney's Visit" in Zhang Gu Cong Bian, a collection of anecdotes of the Palace Museum, Beijing, 1931, pp. 30-34) and also in diaries and memoirs of some members of the diplomatic mission. For example, Sir George Staunton, Secretary of the mission had a passage about that in his record "From Haidian to Hong Ya Yuan", which reads as follows:
"Between Hai-tian and Yuan-ming-yuan, was the villa intended for the Embassador and his suite, which was an inclosure of, at least, twelve acres. It contained a garden laid out in serpentine walks, a rivulet winding round an island, a grove of various trees interspersed with patches of grass ground, and diversified with artificial inequalities, and rocks rudely heaped upon each other. The buildings in this place consisted of several separate pavilions, erected round small courts. The apartments were handsome, and not ill-contrived ... This place had been inhabited by Embassadors from foreign courts, or mandarins of rank from the distant provinces, while the Emperor was at the adjoining palace, but had been now empty for some time, and wanted repairs."
(George Staunton, An authentic account of an Embassy from the King of Great Britain to the Emperor of China. London, 1798, Vol. 2, p. 33) |
发表于 2007-12-18 23:39:05
发表于 2007-12-18 23:40:40
